Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Norton Lilly International Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Norton Lilly International - Case Study Example The agency's mission is to restore operational efficiency thereby helping to increase its profitability. The company sort to achieve this mission by pursuing growth which would see it double its size (Burton and Gamble 368). In addition, the agency had an objective of ensuring a smooth transition as it was on the verge of being passed over to the next generation of in the family (Burton and Gamble 368). Basically, the company wanted to have a turnaround strategy which would ensure both operational efficiency and profitability. In the first stage of the endeavor to bring about efficiency at the agency required the development of a strategy. The strategy was based on ensuring the company achieves sustainable competitive advantage and could be based on five different perspectives that include; Dominant Industry Economic Features, Five Forces Analysis, Competitive Analysis, SWOT and PESTEL and Financial. Generic strategies may also form the basis for crafting a business strategy. A business can rely on a combination of perspectives or all of them. Based on the dominant industry perspective economic features, Burton first role in developing the strategy was to assess the business to identify the areas that could help the company get a strong foundation for execution (Burton and Gamble 370). Under this approach, core business areas are assessed and addressed given that they support other parts of the company. This is also incongruent with the competitive advantage approach which calls for one to assess the stren gths and maximize them to ensure achieve the mission set out. The crafting of the strategy execution was also based on PESTEL analysis which postulates that a strategy must assess the social perceptions of the people involved (Goodstein and Burke 5). Consequently, Burton understood that he was bringing change among a group of people who were equally competent and therefore he had to introduce ideas hat could be easily accepted and therefore he chose an incremental approach. The other components of PESTEL require the political, environmental, technological, economic and legal macro-environment within which a business is conducted given that they may affect its growth.
Monday, October 28, 2019
Professional Development Journal Essay Example for Free
Professional Development Journal Essay Education is an aspect where one’s cognitive and learning abilities are put to tests and pushed to its maximum abilities. It is important because education gives a man a career so he can compete with a career-oriented workplace. Education also prepares a man to efficiently and competitively perform his tasks in the field of his expertise in the real world. I have finished an A.A.S. in Telecommunications and still continuing my BS in Criminal Justice in an online school, the Kaplan University. However, I have been in and out of school because of work. Though BS in Criminal Justice is the career that I want to pursue, the need for financial aspects prohibits me to continuously go to school and finish the degree that I want. My skills in my field of interest is not trained and tested since my ten years of schooling has been in and out. The course that I have finished  A.A.S. in Telecommunications has helped me get into a telecommunication industry and this career just provided for my financial needs. When I was employed in chemical industry which produces flavorings that goes with any processed food that we drink or eat, I settled with that kind of job for the reason that I needed money and that I did not finish a degree to which I can qualify to a higher position in any offices. Now I can say that the level of education that I had did not allowed me to get a good job. Thus, the jobs that I got hindered me from continuing my studies because I cannot balance work and study. I have to work to finance my study, that’s why. Also the level of education I have achieved and the jobs that I got into, helped me realized that I can learn things I thought I would never understand. Like when I was working in the chemical industry, I would not have thought that I would understand the chemical stuff there. The realization thing helped boost my self confidence that I can still learn things if I am given the chance to, though I have been in and out of school. However, taking a look at my former job’s effect in my professional growth, I can say that it has not improved at all. I stayed with my work because I needed to fulfill my financial needs, but professionally there was no growth in it. With the telecommunication industry where I have worked for eight years,   it has opened a new field for me and a field where I can practice the degree I got in telecommunications. I have learned about fiber optics and the pay was good that is why I wasn’t able to leave my career there to study. In this job, I had grown professionally because I have already practiced the education I earned. But personal growth was very minimal. My learning abilities were put on a test, but the satisfaction I got from my job was nominal. The reason is that my line of interest is still in criminal justice, and so I can only be satisfied if I practice the field that I am totally interested in. Therefore, I have come to realize that in getting the course and career that I want to get into, I should go for the field I am most interested in. Be educated about it by getting a degree and practicing my career after. Only this can give me the maximum personal and professional growth. I have been taking up BS in Criminal Justice online and have been in and out of it for the past ten years. It has not helped my professional and personal growth in any way. I had jobs to sustain my financial needs for the moment, and when the salary is good I stay with the company. My experiences in different jobs I had was rewarding in a way that I was able to learn new things and that learning is good for me when given the chance to. So I can say that when I be given a chance to finally finish my criminal justice course, I’d be doing good in learning and finally may be able to practice it in the field that I want.            In doing this, I have discovered that employed people with low salary and are not satisfied with their jobs have these reasons why they still stay in the work they have. One is, lack of education, and even if they wanted to study, education is expensive and they still have to settle other financial deadlines they have. Another is, they might have taken the wrong choice of career. At some point in people’s life, they are too young to know what they want, that when they get a course in college, they just at times trust their instincts or what they think is cool. Next reason is that there are no other options for them, following reasons for this may vary depending on the kind of life a person has, or the difficulties they encounter. Professional Development Journal is a record of all the activities, seminars, awards and achievements, scholarships, workshops, trainings and education that a person attended that would help him track down his qualifications when trying to prepare for a resume, get employed and succeed in his chosen career. It is important to keep a record of these because it would be a great help especially in reaching a qualification or standard when applying for work or scholarship. A sample format of Professional Development Journal: Name:                                                                                   Age: Office Address:                                                                    Phone No. Permanent/Home Address:                                                  Phone No. Course of study: Major:                          Minor:                          Concentration: List down seminars attended, workshops, organizational activities and positions. Specify the date of event. List down awards, recognitions and scholarships received. Specify the date of event. Career Development: Employment while in school, internship, duty/responsibility, start/end date. Interview questions (may be included). Have you ever planned a whole event by yourself? How was it? Describe briefly. What is your plan of action to the members who refuse to follow rules and do not participate in activities? When was the moment where you experienced being in an ethical conflict? What did you do? Specify References. (Do not use a friend’s or a relative’s name and ask permission before listing.) Work References: (Include company name, position, scope of work, date started and date of the end of contract.) Non-work References: (Include name, title, company, address and contact numbers.) Reference Professional Development Journal. January 30, 2008 retrieved from www.philau.edu/career/parents/documents/ProfessionalDevelopmentJournal_000.doc
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Good Country People Essay -- essays papers
Good Country People â€Å"Woman, Do You Ever Look Inside?†There are many themes within Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"Good Country People†. Religion is definitely one of the more prominent themes that the story holds. Like most of O’Connor’s works, it plays a big part in the actions or characteristics of the main characters. This is all on the surface however. The more important and less accentuated theme is the various facades the characters create for themselves. These facades prevent them from facing their true â€Å"grotesque†selves. These facades also hide their weaknesses that they have no wish to face ort just can’t understand. People must be comfortable with every aspect of themselves, because certain people, who in this story are represented by Manley Pointer’s character, can easily exploit their weaknesses. He’s â€Å"good country people†and â€Å"the salt of the earth†as Mrs. Hopewell refers to Manley Pointer who really is a demon that they mu st face. A demon to remind them of their weaknesses. Beginning with Mrs. Hopewell, the title of the story comes from what she likes to call the poorer and less fortunate people that live off the land and work their whole lives just to hang on to some scrap of a life. This is how she views these people. She believes that they are good country people not a bad seed among them, that they are all eager to help out and bow in humility to the upper class. The gullible nature of Mrs. Hopewell betrays her true vision of a situation. She is one of those people who are all goody-goody to people who they view as less fortunate. She’s a person that commends or speaks for the people she knows nothing about. Altogether this is her true weakness that is taken advantage of by Manley Pointer. One of ... ...of a minor character in the story but she is referred to as having two emotions, â€Å"forward and reverse†. This is important because when a person is forced to go in reverse they must face something or learn something they don’t want to know about themselves. This seems to be what happens during the course of the story for Joy-Hulga. Although all the characters in the story are stuck in reverse, the only character that is forced to realize her weakness, which destroys the faà §ade that she created is Joy-Hulga. It seems that in this story as in life the most high and mighty suffers the greatest fall. Joy-Hulga was the one who perceived herself to be the high and mighty of the characters. This attitude is displayed with many of her comment to Mrs. Hopewell. Perhaps when Joy-Hulga remarks to Mrs. Hopewell, â€Å"Woman, do you ever look inside?†she should’ve taken her own advice.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Comparing Gilliams Brazil and Radfords Adaptation of 1984 :: comparison compare contrast essays
Comparing Gilliam's Brazil and. Radford's Adaptation of 1984Â Â Â Â While researching for a book on the making of and feud over the American release of Terry Gilliam's Brazil, author Jack Mathews read virtually every review of the film printed in the United States and found that very few failed to refer to the film as "futuristic" or "Orwellian." "The comparisons are understandable, if inaccurate," says Mathews, "There isn't a futuristic element in Brazil. The story is Orwellian, in the sense that it is set in a totalitarian state where individuality is smothered by enforced conformity. But where George Orwell...was envisioning a future ruled by fascism and technology, Gilliam was satirizing the bureaucratic, largely dysfunctional industrial world that had been driving him crazy all his life"(Mathews). Terry Gilliam's Brazil, made in 1985, at first glance, seems much like Michael Radford's film version of George Orwell's 1984, made in 1984, in its setting and story. However, upon further examination of the two films, there are differences in style and tone that distance them from each other. 1984 is dark and gloomy from beginning to end while Brazil, though still dark, has a much lighter atmosphere. The love stories presented in both films are unmistakably similar and make the plots seem closer to each other, but this is the only strong link they share, for differences in tone distance the films from each other. Because of its dark humor, Brazil is a satire of the very society in which the story takes place, while 1984, though also a satire, lacks any humor whatsoever and is more of a horror story of a society that might await mankind. In the opening scene, Terry Gilliam's Brazil seems to be quite jovial. A shot in which the camera hovers through the sky, passing in and out of clouds, starts the film off while the song "Brazil," after which the movie was named, fills the soundtrack. Titles begin to appear over the soaring shot. The titles read, "Somewhere in the 20th Century," informing the audience of the time period, but confusing them as well. The world in which the movie's main character dwells is a dreary, dystopian, retro-futuristic metropolis, a far cry from anything that has been seen this century. In this world, nobody is protected from the government; individuals are executed as a result of administrative errors. The compensation for these wrongful deaths is a simple refund check.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Individual Information Use Paper Essay
In this file of CIS 207 Week 2 Individual Information Use Paper you will find the next information: Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper identifying and describing how information is used and how it flows in an organization. Explain this use in your current place of employment or an organization you are familiar with. Describe concerns with properly controlling this flow, including keeping it safe from unauthorized use. Computer Science – General CS Individual Information Use Paper Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper identifying and describing how information is used and how it flows in an organization. Explain this use in your current place of employment or an organization you are familiar with. Describe concerns with properly controlling this flow, including keeping it safe from unauthorized use. Avoid studying for big college exams the night before by taking in a lot of caffeine or other stimulants. While these things can keep you up and able to study for longer, they will make you very tired in the morning. After using chemical stimulants for a while, you will need more and more and that can be damaging to your overall physical and mental health. In this file of CIS 207 Week 2 Individual Information Use Paper you will find the next information: Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper identifying and describing how information is used and how it flows in an organization. Explain this use in your current place of employment or an organization you are familiar with. Describe concerns with properly controlling this flow, including keeping it safe from unauthorized use. Computer Science – General CS Individual Information Use Paper Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper identifying and describing how information is used and how it flows in an organization. Explain †¦ To download more course tutorials visit – https://bitly.com/12BkiWc Avoid studying for big college exams the night before by taking in a lot of caffeine or other stimulants. While these things can keep you up and able to study for longer, they will make you very tired in the morning. After using chemical stimulants for a while, you will need more and more and that can be damaging to your overall physical and mental health. Computer Science – General CS Individual Information Use Paper Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper identifying and describing how information is used and how it flows in an organization. Explain this use in your current place of employment or an organization you are familiar with. Describe concerns with properly controlling this flow, including keeping it safe from unauthorized use.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Lions Mane Jellyfish Facts
Lion's Mane Jellyfish Facts Lions mane jellyfish are beautiful, but an encounter with them can be painful. These jellies are capable of stinging you even when theyre dead. Here you can learn how to identify a lions mane jellyfish and how to avoid them. Identification The lions mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) is the worlds largest jellyfish- their bells can be over 8 feet across. These jellies have a mass of thin tentacles that resemble a lions mane, which is where their name originates. Reports of tentacle size in lions mane jellyfish vary from 30 feet to 120 feet- either way, their tentacles extend a long way, and one should give them a very wide berth. This jellyfish also has lots of tentacles- it has 8 groups of them, with 70-150 tentacles in each group. The color of the lions mane jellyfish changes as it grows. Small jellyfish under 5 inches in bell size are pink and yellow. Between 5-18 inches in size, the jellyfish is reddish to yellowish-brown, and as they grow past 18 inches, they become a darker reddish brown. Like other jellyfish, they have a short lifespan, so all these color changes may happen in a period of about one year. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: CnidariaClass: ScyphozoaOrder: SemaeostomeaeFamily: CyaneidaeGenus: Cyaneaspecies: capillata Habitat Lions mane jellyfish are found in cooler waters, usually less than 68 degrees F. They may be found in the North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Maine and off the coasts of Europe, and in the Pacific Ocean. Feeding Lions mane jellyfish eat plankton, fish, small crustaceans and even other jellyfish. They can spread their long, thin tentacles out like a net and descend into the water column, capturing prey as they go. Reproduction Reproduction occurs sexually in the medusa stage (this is the stage youll picture if you think of a generic jellyfish). Under its bell, the lions mane jellyfish has 4 ribbon-like gonads which alternate with 4 very folded lips. The lions mane jellyfish has separate sexes. The eggs are held by oral tentacles and are fertilized by sperm. Larvae called planula develop and settle on the ocean bottom, where they develop into polyps. Once in the polyp stage, reproduction can occur asexually as polyps divide into disks. As the disks stack up, the uppermost disk swims away as an ephyra, which develops into the medusa stage. Sting Severity Encountering a lions mane jellyfish probably wont be lethal, but it wont be fun, either. A lions mane jellyfish sting usually results in pain and redness in the area of the sting. The sticky tentacles of a lions mane jellyfish can sting even when the jellyfish is dead, so give lions mane jellyfish on the beach a wide berth. In 2010, a lions mane jellyfish washed ashore in Rye, NH, where it stung 50-100 unsuspecting bathers. Sources: Bryner, Jeanna. 2010. How One Jellyfish Stung 100 People. MSNBC.Cornelius, P. 2011. Cyanea Capillata (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species. Encyclopedia of Life. Cyanea Capillata. Heard, J. 2005. Cyanea Capillata, Lions Mane Jellyfish. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.Meinkoth, N.A. 1981. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Seashore Creatures. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.WoRMS. 2010. Porpita Porpita (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Schuchert, P. World Hydrozoa database.
Monday, October 21, 2019
The role of originality and creativity in setting out a good marketing communication strategy The WritePass Journal
The role of originality and creativity in setting out a good marketing communication strategy Introduction The role of originality and creativity in setting out a good marketing communication strategy ). The paper panda tour serves as a proper example of how business should provide customers with more than the standard form of advertising (Thun, 2010). For instance, the idea of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) makes a clear sense in this context by emphasising the originality and creativity dimensions of the strategy behind the paper panda tour. Researchers suggest that marketing teams should focus initially on the customer, which is the case with the paper pandas (Porcu, del Barrio-Garcia, Kitchen, 2012). Customers are exposed to the original and creative project of paper pandas through a mix of integrated communication methods, which are considered by people eye-catching and trustworthy. According to marketing researchers, IMC is an innovative and creative step because the complete culture of marketing agencies, in-house marketing departments, and marketing consultants had expanded the idea of separating advertisement, direct marketing, sales promotion, and public relations, rather than the pleasant, customer-centred development process that IMC requires (Duncan Mulhern, 2004). Integrated Marketing Communication has become an important part in marketing because the technological system has the integration of business stakeholders (Kalamas, Mitchell, Lester, 2009). According to experts, planning and implementation of all marketing communications are required to be done in an original and creative manner in order to meet the marketing objectives and attract more customers (Vance, Howe, Dellavalle, 2009). The process of building and applying different communication programs reflects in the possibility to have a solid impact in the future over time (Kitchen Schultz, 1999). The general IMC method focuses on customers and functions to establish and classify the methods to extend the influential communications programs. For the creators of the paper panda tour, it has become important to plan, develop, implement and assess the coordinated and measurable influential marketing communication programs applicable to external and internal viewers over time (Laurie Mortimer, 2011). It is a policy in which different marketing communication tools like promotion, public relations, sales promotion, direct marketing and personal selling operate together to st rengthen the communication process to target consumers. Such holistic and creative approach has led to the popularity of paper pandas. Media has experienced a wide phase of development in the last decade, implying that the creators of this original project have considered the importance of applying essential marketing strategies to reach out an optimal number of customers (Duncan Mulhern, 2004). Marketing managers were formerly focused on advertising their product/service through traditional marketing forms like TV, radio and newspapers (Gronroos, 2004). However, now the current marketing trend appears to be digital as Information Technology has become an important element of daily lives (Reid, 2005). The digital aspects of originality along with the physical dimensions of creativity evident in the massive project of paper pandas have indicated the use of proper communication strategies. A concept shift has been presented, or in other words, the creators of the project have focused on demonstrating a move from traditional marketing towards digital content that flows across various integrated media channels. As a re sult, more people can be informed about the project of the paper pandas and thus would prefer to see it (Laurie Mortimer, 2011). The theory definitely suggests about building the marketing communication mix which is considered being interdependent and bringing more incorporation and moving towards having several methods of accessing media, i.e. bringing in more flexibility in the marketing mix by using a combination of traditional and new digital media. Furthermore, it refers to the actions of media audience as being migrant, i.e. changing the marketing form that can provide them with the required experience. In such marketing environment, customers are dynamically involved and looking for new, original and creative content to make proper connections. Transition has played a relevant role in shifting the marketing trends, which is obvious in the formation of the paper panda project. The concept of transition indicates that the traditional media is not being displaced; rather its operations and significance are being shifted with new media options (Reid, 2005). This reflects in providing detailed online information about the project, such as in social media platforms and blogs. For instance, in a blog by Ng (2014), the focus is on describing the paper panda project in detail, with an emphasis on the substantial number (1600) of paper pandas exhibited to the audience in Hong Kong. In this way, media transition is more than merely a technological shift changing the relationship between existing technologies, sectors, markets and supporters (Kelm, 2011). Transition has brought remarkable changes in the media rights and has improved marketing media concentration. The elements of originality and creativity have played an important role in forming a good strategy that involves a combination of different IMC elements (Michaelidou, Siamagka, Christodoulides, 2011). According to marketing experts, there are five established IMC elements known as Advertising, Promotion, Direct marketing, Personal selling and PR (Public Relations). It has been indicated that the paper panda project in Hong Kong has been successful in covering all these elements and achieving substantial customer interest (Porcu, del Barrio-Garcia, Kitchen, 2012). A good marketing strategy normally focuses on building original and creative content that creates attention as well as motivational encouragement for users to share it with their friends and families (Kelm, 2011). For instance, the paper panda project can be adequately popularised through different social media platforms because it is a relevant step to rely on the contribution of different users to talk about the exciting project. The keys to social media success are user contribution, user brand loyalty, user enthusiasm, and the communication between people (Laurie Mortimer, 2011). The introduction of an original and creative design related to the paper pandas, and the creation of opportunities for social interaction, are some of the features making this project quite appealing to the general audience. Many marketing experts long before have recognised synergism and originality as important concepts behind the introduction of a good marketing strategy; the incorporated effect of each effort would force the marketing communication to become more effective (Laurie Mortimer, 2011). In this way, originality and creativity can enhance the brand image and popularity of companies that consider the importance of endorsing those concepts (Kelm, 2011). Communication, especially if it is done in an original manner, also represents a significant driver of marketing communication activities. Communication, as seen in the paper panda project, is a fundamental element which allows the creators of the project to connect with the audience (Duncan Mulhern, 2004). This simply occurs through communicating of ideas and seeking to establish particular perceptions of these original paper pandas introduced in a quite creative way. With the rapid development of technology, modern organizations can utilise different communication channels to attract a significant number of customers. As mentioned, the role of social media platforms is important in the process of facilitating organisational communication (Kelm, 2011). The creators of the paper panda project have obviously ensured the creative application of a relevant marketing planning platform in a direction of expanding the positive impact of communication on all stakeholders (Ng, 2014). Commun ication has a strategic role in contemporary organisations. It is important to emphasise its priority of expanding particular marketing activities through the development of diverse communication channels. The emphasis is to deliver a consistent and properly structured message about the original project. Creativity is basically the application of better ways of solving organisational problems. The ability of an organisation to change in the environment provides the degree of elasticity and adaptability in all kinds of situations through creativity (Laurie Mortimer, 2011). Originality means that a company has promising financial prospects that will ensure increase in profits. It means that whatever changes occur in the market, the company will continue to grow by providing the required services, hence increasing its market share and in the end have high revenues. Thus, originality and creativity can be used as adequate measures of performance as related to the paper panda project (Ng, 2014). It is important to mention that this project is quite flexible and has produced the necessary positive effects that original and creative projects usually produce in the audience. This paper discussed the role of originality and creativity, which have been indicated as essential principles of a good marketing strategy (Duncan Mulhern, 2004). Details about the paper panda project have been provided, as this information was closely related to the dimensions of originality and creativity (Kelm, 2011). The paper focused on explaining how the paper panda project ensured the use of originality and creativity in the sense that no one has ever done a similar project. In conclusion, the success of this project points out that marketing managers have demonstrated the implementation of a proper marketing strategy combining the dimensions of originality and creativity. References Duncan, T. Mulhern, F. (2004). A white paper on the status, scope and future of IMC. New York: McGraw-Hill. Gronroos, C. (2004). The relationship marketing process: Communication, interaction, dialogue, value. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 19(2), 99-113. Kalamas, M., Mitchell, T., Lester, D. (2009). Modeling social media use: Bridging the communication gap in higher education. Journal of Advertising Education, 13, 44-57. Kelm, O. R. (2011). Social media: It’s what students do. Business Communication Quarterly, 74, 505-520. Kitchen, P. J. Schultz, D. E. (1999). A multi-country comparison of the drive for IMC. Journal of Advertising Research, 39(1), 21-38. Laurie, S. Mortimer, K. (2011). ‘IMC is dead. Long live IMC’: Academics’ versus practitioners’ views. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(13/14), 1464-1478. Michaelidou, N., Siamagka, N. T., Christodoulides, G. (2011). Usage, barriers and measurement of social media marketing: An exploratory investigation of small and medium B2B brands. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(7), 1153-1159. Ng, P. (2014). 1600 pandas haunt attention! Harpers Bazaar. Retrieved from harpersbazaar.com.hk/lifestyle/entertainment/1600-pandas-hong-kong-tour-timetable-2014 Porcu, L., del Barrio-Garcia, S., Kitchen, P. (2012). How Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) works? A theoretical review and an analysis of its main drivers and effects. Comunicacion Y Sociedad, 25(1), 313-348. Reid, M. (2005). Performance auditing of integrated communication (IMC) actions and outcomes. Journal of Advertising, 34(4), 41-54. Thun, J. H. (2010). Angles of integration: An empirical analysis of the alignment of internet based information technology and global supply chain integration. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46(2), 30-44. Vance, K., Howe, W., Dellavalle, R. P. (2009). Social internet sites as a source of public health information. Dermatologic Clinics, 27(2), 133-136.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
The Story of Jessie Redmon Fauset
The Story of Jessie Redmon Fauset Jessie Redmon Fauset was born the seventh child of Annie Seamon Fauset and Redmon Fauset, a minister in the African Methodist Episcopal church. Jessie Fauset graduated from the High School for Girls in Philadelphia, the only African American student there. She applied to Bryn Mawr, but that school instead of admitting her helped her to enroll at Cornell University, where she may have been the first black woman student. She graduated from Cornell in 1905, with a Phi Beta Kappa honor. Early Career She taught Latin and French for one year at Douglass High School in Baltimore and then taught, until 1919, in Washington, DC, at what became, after 1916, Dunbar High School. While teaching, she earned her M.A. in French from the University of Pennsylvania. She also began to contribute writings to Crisis, the magazine of the NAACP. She later received a degree from the Sorbonne. Literary Editor of the Crisis Fauset served as literary editor of the Crisis from 1919 to 1926. For this job, she moved to New York City. She worked with W.E.B. DuBois, both at the magazine and in his work with the Pan African Movement. She also traveled and lectured extensively, including overseas, during her tenure with the Crisis. Her apartment in Harlem, where she lived with her sister, became a gathering place for the circle of intellectuals and artists associated with Crisis. Jessie Fauset wrote many of the articles, stories, and poems in the Crisis herself, and also promoted such writers as Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, Claude McKay, and Jean Toomer. Her role in discovering, promoting, and giving a platform to African American writers helped to create an authentic black voice in American literature. From 1920 to 1921, Fauset published The Brownies Book, a periodical for African American children. Her 1925 essay, â€Å"The Gift of Laughter,†is a classic literary piece, analyzing how American drama used black characters in roles as comics. Writing Novels She and other women writers were inspired to publish novels about experiences like their own when a white male novelist, T.S. Stribling, published Birthright in 1922, a fictional account of an educated mixed-race woman. Jessie Faucet published four novels, the most of any writer during the Harlem Renaissance: There Is Confusion (1924), Plum Bun (1929), The Chinaberry Tree (1931), and Comedy: American Style (1933). Each of these focuses on black professionals and their families, facing American racism and living their rather non-stereotypical lives. After theCrisis When she left the Crisis in 1926, Jessie Fauset attempted to find another position in publishing but found that racial prejudice was too great a barrier. She taught French in New York City, at DeWitt Clinton High School from 1927 to 1944, continuing to write and publish her novels. In 1929, Jessie Fauset married an insurance broker and World War I veteran, Herbert Harris. They lived with Fausets sister in Harlem until 1936 and moved to New Jersey in the 1940s. In 1949, she briefly served as a visiting professor at Hampton Institute and taught for a short time at Tuskegee Institute. After Harris died in 1958, Jessie Fauset moved to her half-brothers home in Philadelphia where she died in 1961. Literary Legacy Jessie Redmon Fausets writings were revived and republished in the 1960s and 1970s, though some preferred writings about African Americans in poverty rather than Fauset’s depictions of an elite. By the 1980s and 1990s, feminists had refocused attention on Fauset’s writings. A 1945 painting of Jessie Redmon Fauset, painted by Laura Wheeler Waring, hangs in the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Background, Family: Mother: Annie Seamon Fauset Father: Redmon Fauset Siblings: six older siblings Education: High School for Girls in PhiladelphiaCornell UniversityUniversity of Pennsylvania (French)Sorbonne in Paris Marriage, Children: Husband: Herbert Harris (married 1929; insurance broker)
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Ten Key Qualities of Law Enforcement Leaders Essay
Ten Key Qualities of Law Enforcement Leaders - Essay Example Most people who call themselves leaders act as bosses rather than being leaders. A boss will give orders while a true leader gives instructions to a task and shows the way to do it. Effective leadership ought to be coupled with good planning and participation. A good leader should not only direct the task but should go further to participating in the activity. Leaders should understand that leadership is not all about instilling fear to the subjects but rather good leadership should instill enthusiasm. Indeed, effective Leadership must produce motivation to the subjects. Gonzalez indicates that leaders are gifted to make enthusiasm and real pride in accomplishing a purpose. In adding up to inspiration, some make regular references to the care and wellbeing of subordinates. Actually, excellent leaders watch over their workers. Effective leaders learn to set an example; they own an indisputable sympathy for others; are not afraid to admit accountability; and mind about the people they lead. True leaders readily take responsibility for all their actions and never fear owning up their deeds. Responsibility also means taking risks of everything that they do. Fundamentally, effective leaders are quick to accept the mistakes that they make in their course of actions. Leaders should embrace the idea of accountability and accept penalties whenever they fail and are held answerable. Additionally, a sense of certainty pervades the thoughts of effective leaders. This enables them to get things through and to shun from fear of making mistakes. One fact that effe ctive leaders accept is that mistakes are a component of the job they do. In effect, leaders usually prevail against the odds, regardless of having numerous impediments (Gonzalez 2). Good leaders have a high self worth and self esteem. These help them to motivate the people they lead because they (subjects) always look upon their leader.
Friday, October 18, 2019
The Difficulty of Implementation of the Electronic Health Record and Research Paper
The Difficulty of Implementation of the Electronic Health Record and Ethical Dilemmas of Its Use - Research Paper Example The system can also be used for retrieval of the personal and medical history of the patient. The introduction of such systems has helped the doctors remain up to date about their patients in a much more accurate and easier way. There are many advantages of using the electronic medical record system. The data is centralized and whenever a need arises the data of the related patient can be accessed without any delay. The use of the electronic medical record system also helps when a doctor has suggested some tests for the patient. When the patient gets them done at a laboratory and there is any delay in the retrieval of the records in the printed form, the physician can access the reports through the electronic medical system and therefore there is no delay. It has been seen in many laboratories that there usually is a back log of reports to be printed and the introduction of the system can help get rid of this issue. If we compare the electronic medical record system with the paper re cording system the first major advantage that exists is the storage space. Paper filing system requires a lot of space while the electronic system has no issue (KUTNEY-LEE AND KELLY, 2011). Many physicians who practice privately are not so keen in using the electronic medical record system as they are of the view that as their practice is small and they already do not have a lot of patients, the system would be quite expensive for them and would not prove to be economical. There have been many studies conducted to identify whether the electronic system is effective and at the same cost effective across the whole of the medical circuit. It has been derived from all of the study that has been conducted that the electronic medical record system proves to be cost effective for only large hospitals whereas small clinics and private physicians will find it expensive and in some cases even hard on their finances. Despite many criticisms on the electronic medical record system, many big hos pitals have adopted the system and also connected with each other through a local area network. This corroboration between the hospitals will enhance the medical research that is being carried out as they can share information and data over a secure network without any fear of losing the data or the falling of data in the wrong hands. Some of the big hospitals who have many centers located in different areas use this system to the highest effectiveness as they share medical reports, medicinal data and other information over secure network. The carrying cost of files and paper work from one place to the other is reduced and the data is shared without any hassle and that too in real time. The sharing of the data is a lot easier through the Electronic medical recording system (WATKINS, HASKELL, LUNDBERG, BROKEL, WILSON AND HARDIKER, 2009). CRITICISM There are quite a lot of advantages of using the electronic medical record system but there are still some issues related to cost effectiv eness and security that has made hospital managements vary of implementing the Electronic medical recording system. The concern over security is one of the most pressing issues in the case of Electronic medical recording. The issue is a serious one as many practitioners as well as patients feel that the data is not safe as people have access to it in a much easier way as compared to the paper records (JHA, BURKE, DESROSCHES, JOSHI, KRALOVEC,
Early Warning System Water Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Early Warning System Water - Essay Example Collignon(2007) points out that the protection of drinking water is achieved not only by chlorination, flocculation and other protective measures but also by the protection of water catchment areas through minimizing the entry of any kind of waste matter. Therefore if these catchment areas are infiltrated, there could be a collective risk posed through contamination of drinking water supplies. Crockett (2007) recently estimated that there is an endemic risk posed from drinking water, with the potential for 2 to 20 ML/d of waste water discharge containing pathogens to reach water supply intakes at significant concentrations that may exceed regulatory limits. Hence, normal procedures that are used for treatment of waste water may also be inadequate in some instances to provide an adequate level of protection against contamination of the water to an unacceptable level that could be dangerous to humans – to health and to lives. This highlights the importance of installing early warning systems for infiltration by biological agents, so that water supplies and distribution systems may be protected. The danger of the terrorist threat is especially potent, because vast areas of unprotected water system could form an easy target for the terrorists and it would result in large scale damages caused to numerous people who drink the water. It is a particularly dangerous form of terrorist biological warfare, which cannot be easily combated, except through adopting preventive measures. Hence, the incorporation of early warning systems into water systems could be of inestimable benefit, because they will provide a warning that contamination exists, sufficiently in time to enable the local authorities or responsible people in charge to alert citizens, so that the water suspected of being contaminated can be diverted and closed off, before it
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Q1) Discuss why the events of September 11 had such a global impact Essay
Q1) Discuss why the events of September 11 had such a global impact and did it justify the war in Afghanistan - Essay Example The discussion as to whether the events of that day justified the war on Afghanistan has been avoided extensively. Several issues should be look at when finding out the justifications of the war. Firstly, it is the legality of the war. The United Nation is an international body that was formed in the year 1945. In the UN charter, there are international laws that govern war; the war with Afghanistan was illegal. This is so since for any war to be authorized by the UN the dispute has to be presented to the council for discussion. Without authorization by this body, any military action against another country is termed as being illegal (Köchler,2008 p57). The only exception from this rule is when a nation has been subjected to armed attacks from another country, and as a result, then a country may declare an act of war through self-defense. This condition was not fulfilled by the United States because they were not carried out by another nation, but by an organization called al-Qaida (Köchler, 2008 p75). The second fact that can result in war is when a country feels threatened by military actions instigated by another country. The threatened country has the option of approaching the UN Security Council, to ask for authorization in order to act out of self-defense where the means on how to defend is not fixed. However, the government of the US at that time claimed that the attacks on Afghanistan were intended to protect the United States from any other attacks. However, this was not the case as the pentagon took its time to launch the attacks, and again this proved that the matter was not urgent, as the UN requires it. The United Nations did not authorize the attacks on Afghanistan thus the war was deemed as being illegal, and this has even been confirmed by some politicians who were government officials at the time (Buckley, 2003 p95). The third
Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Literature Review - Essay Example Thus, rapidly increasing profitability of a company denotes that it has high level of customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction depicts the ability of an organisation towards satisfying the needs of the customers. An organisation can effectively retain its customers by satisfying them (Kotler, 2009). Customer satisfaction depends on the product or service quality as well as the price provided by an organisation. It is referred as the key element in marketing from the perspective of theory as well as practice. In today’s business world, customer satisfaction has a huge impact on the competitiveness of an organisation. Hence, company managers provide more emphasis on customer satisfaction to increase the market share, the profitability as well as the sustainability of the business (Mohsan, F. & et. al., 2011). There are certain ways through which organisations can satisfy customers such as by creating customer loyalty towards the products as well as services, by improving the level of services and by enhancing the product value and product quality among others. In this context, it can be stated that customer satisfaction can be determined by effectiveness of employees in an organisation to provide good product and services (Taghizadeh & et. al., 2012). Customer Satisfaction in McDonald For McDonald, customer satisfaction has great importance to maintain profitability and to increase the market share. ... According to McDonald’s commitment, doing the right thing is important for satisfying customers. McDonald’s policies, strategies as well as practices have made the company more competent in the market (McDonalds, 2012). According to the observation of the CEO of McDonalds, the company positively satisfies the needs of the customers in terms of providing quality products with affordable prices (McDonald’s, 2011). Marketing Strategies of McDonalds for Customer Satisfaction The target customers of McDonalds are children, young people as well as urban families. In order to satisfy the target customers, McDonalds have been providing special facilities to children such as ‘play place’ which help to attract huge number customers to its restaurants. Young urban customers are also attracted toward McDonalds because of certain facilities such as fun games (Food Advertising to Children and Teens Score, 2010). For any organisation, customer’s perception a bout the product is considered as a significant factor for success. Many organisations fail to satisfy customers because certain products are unable to fulfil the customers’ needs. Therefore, customer perception as well as expectation is considered as one of the most significant factors in the marketing strategies for an organisation (Ghosh & et. al., 2012). Consequently, McDonalds also understand the importance of perception of customers and thus, develops its marketing strategies in such as way so that it can fulfil their expectations. The 4p’s marketing mix strategies help McDonald to satisfy their requirements from a fast food restaurant. The aspects of 4p’s strategies are product, price, promotions and place. Product Due to increased number of fast food chains
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Q1) Discuss why the events of September 11 had such a global impact Essay
Q1) Discuss why the events of September 11 had such a global impact and did it justify the war in Afghanistan - Essay Example The discussion as to whether the events of that day justified the war on Afghanistan has been avoided extensively. Several issues should be look at when finding out the justifications of the war. Firstly, it is the legality of the war. The United Nation is an international body that was formed in the year 1945. In the UN charter, there are international laws that govern war; the war with Afghanistan was illegal. This is so since for any war to be authorized by the UN the dispute has to be presented to the council for discussion. Without authorization by this body, any military action against another country is termed as being illegal (Köchler,2008 p57). The only exception from this rule is when a nation has been subjected to armed attacks from another country, and as a result, then a country may declare an act of war through self-defense. This condition was not fulfilled by the United States because they were not carried out by another nation, but by an organization called al-Qaida (Köchler, 2008 p75). The second fact that can result in war is when a country feels threatened by military actions instigated by another country. The threatened country has the option of approaching the UN Security Council, to ask for authorization in order to act out of self-defense where the means on how to defend is not fixed. However, the government of the US at that time claimed that the attacks on Afghanistan were intended to protect the United States from any other attacks. However, this was not the case as the pentagon took its time to launch the attacks, and again this proved that the matter was not urgent, as the UN requires it. The United Nations did not authorize the attacks on Afghanistan thus the war was deemed as being illegal, and this has even been confirmed by some politicians who were government officials at the time (Buckley, 2003 p95). The third
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
Examine and assess the role of the government in managing the UK Essay
Examine and assess the role of the government in managing the UK economy - Essay Example government in determining long-term success of the country. The economy of U.K. has faced several financial crunches since World War II. It is claimed by some researchers that financial crisis during 2008 in U.K. and other Western nations was caused primarily due to deregulation of financial markets, that had significantly gained speed in these nations 1980 onwards (Trading Economics, 2014). The policy deregulation had drastically lowered control of the government authorities over financial markets of respective economies. Lower state control in the monetary financial market generated certain market exuberances. The real estate sector investments in these economies were made for speculative purposes, which finally generated the property price bubble. Several banks collapsed due to failure of unproductive investment projects, thereby resulting in the recession in 2008; this was because aggregate money supply in the economy had fallen in these nations. During the recession, as aggregate supply of money in U.K. had fallen, degree of productivity in the economy had declined. Lower level of production of several goods and services had greatly increased the level of unemployment in the country. It can be observed from the above graph that the extent of inflation in U.K. had astonishingly increased during the recession in 2008. This was due to expansionary, monetary as well as fiscal policies adopted by regulating authorities of the country at that point of time (Hirsch, 2008). The authorities had implemented these polices for stimulating the depressed market of U.K. In order to maintain welfare of the European economy during recession, its government authorities had adopted expansionary fiscal policies by increasing expenditure in the economy and lowering tax rates so as to enhance employment and output level of the country. Figure 4 in the Appendix shows the way in which fiscal policies attempt to revive an economy from the state of
The Research Methodology Essay Example for Free
The Research Methodology Essay The Research Methodology The descriptive survey method of research was utilized in this study. A survey questionnaire was used to gather all the needed data. Information regarding the profiles of the respondents (student and the enrollment personnel), the status of the existing enrollment in terms of its resources used (personnel involved, machines and equipment, procedures and forms used), the problems encountered by the customers in the existing enrollment system were analyzed. The results of the study were served asa an input for management review and action plan. Fig.1 Flow of the Study Input -status of the existing enrollment process, problems encountered in the existing enrollment system Process -analysis of information base on the survey questionnaire, statistical computation, and interpretation Output -inputs for management review and action plan Environment Fig.2 Location Map of Cebu Technological University This study was conducted in CTU-Main Campus located along the corners of R. Palma Street and M.J. Cuenco, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines 6000. There are four (4) colleges of the campus: College of Arts and Sciences, College of Education, College of Engineering, and College of Technology. Together with the colleges are the enrollment stations namely: Clinic, NSTP (first year), PTA, MIS, EDPO, Cashier, and Registrar. Respondents The respondents of this study were the customers of the enrollment process of the school, both the student and the personnel assigned for the enrollment process with the four (4) colleges of the school. Table 1 Distribution of Respondents Instrument This study used the research-made questionnaire to gather data that could provide the needed information. Procedure Gathering Data Random sampling method was used in gathering the data. Students belong to the day and night programs were also considered to determine the appropriate sample size and a 5% margin of error was used. The sample was drawn using the Slovins Formula. Scoring Procedure To facilitate the computation of the weighted mean, each weight was assigned to the scale eith its corresponding verbal description. a. On the Respondents Self-Assessment as to their knowledge of the equipments used b. On the Respondents Perception regarding the existing system c. On Possible Problems encountered in the existing enrollment system
Monday, October 14, 2019
The poor in the UK
The poor in the UK Discuss whether the poor in the UK are to blame for their poverty and social exclusion? The purpose of this essay is to discuss the question of whether the poor in the UK are to blame for their poverty and social exclusion. In order to do this, a variety of perspectives will be analysed, in particular looking at political and economic perspectives. We will also consider Levitas approaches in the area of social exclusion, looking at the three models of social discourse, and also a critical examination of Murrays thesis concerning the underclass. Definitions of poverty have traditionally been divided within two subcategories, absolute poverty or relative poverty. Each definition is based on different experiences of poverty. Absolute poverty sees there is a basic need for survival and this is measured objectively and comes in forms of statistics. This is mainly used in government statistics. Relative poverty is different in that it counts on an opinion of people in society. Relative poverty uses the idea of what society or a culture sees as the norm. The earliest attempt to research poverty was by Rowntree, who conducted a study in York, in 1899. Rowntree adopted the measurement of absolute poverty in 1901 based on a minimum weekly income which was thought to be needed to survive. Therefore, a definition of absolute poverty is; Absolute poverty occurs when people fail to receive sufficient resources to support a minimum of physical health and efficiency (2006 dictionary of sociology) p304 This absolute measure was not popular with the government as measuring poverty based on falling below a certain benefit level. When the benefits level increased so did the amount of people living in poverty. This problem was solved when the 1985 conservative government scrapped the Family Low Income Statistics in favour of the Household below Average Income (HBAI). This saw the decrease of poverty in terms of figures because of the change in the way poverty was measured. The term poverty is not mentioned in any of these official government terms, therefore shows that poverty is not acknowledge as a problem to the government. The feminist argument on using this type of measurement is that it uses statistics taken from the household with a male breadwinner. Females appear invisible in these statistics and very much implies that women are dependent upon men. However, there is no suggestion that the male breadwinner equally shares his income with the household. Scott (1994) discusses the strengths and weaknesses of absolute poverty. Firstly the strengths, the measurement of absolute poverty can be used universally across cultures and societies. It can be used to draw up comparisons so Policy makers can use this to assess and distribute the income that is needed to eliminate poverty. These policies can then be taken on by researchers to look at if what is being done and if it is helping to reduce poverty. A Weakness of this measurement is that it is extreme. In todays society it is dominated by consumption and a consumer lifestyle. Some cultures deem it necessary to be able to take part in the consumer society. The goods that can be bought often have several uses other than just to survive, for example a television is not an item of survival, however to function in society the television plays a major part and a sense of unity is formed in neighbourhoods if people can relate to and discuss items featured on television. The absolute measure ignores this social process as it cannot be scientifically measured as it involves some form of opinion. Poverty measurements need much more than just relying on saying how much money is needed to live. Relative poverty can be defined as, comprehensive, should depend as much as possible on independent or external criteria of evaluation, should involve the ordering of a mass of factual data rational, orderly and informative fashion, and should limit, through not conceal, the part played by the value judgement (Townsend 1979:33) This means that it can be measured statistically; however include some form of judgement. This relative measurement would include more than just income and look at consumer society and culture. Townsends, who states individuals, families and groups in the population can be said to be in poverty when they lack the resources to obtain the type of diet, participation in the activities and they have the living conditions and the amenities which are customary, or at least widely encouraged or approved in the societies to which they belong. (Townsend, 1979, p.31) This definition covers adequately the link between poverty and social exclusion. Townsends research of relative poverty conducted in 1968-9 could compare people based on the national average. An important result to come out of this research was the deprivation index which stated the 12 items essential for people in society, for example clothing, diet, fuel health and education. In 1985 more items were included such as a persons taste, lifestyle, and economic social factors. Using the measurement of relative poverty does come with strengths and weaknesses. It does acknowledge subjectively and are honest in that some form of opinion is needed. Knowledge of peoples culture can be explored in terms of what their standard of living is. It explores the kinds of feeling some people have that they may be deprived more than others. Weaknesses of this relative measurement is that if fails to acknowledge those people who chose to go without the items stated in the deprivation index. It does not address the issues of real poverty in that those living in absolute poverty do not having enough to survive. Comparisons with other countries are difficult as others still use the absolute measurement and use statistics rather than opinions. Piachaud reviews Townsends deprivation index as a good measurement as it included people that make the lifestyle choices such as being a vegetarian. He claims that not having a fridge for instance is more significant than not having meat. However, this suggests that Townsends index is not as scientific as it claims. (Piachaud 1981) There is not only one kind of poor people but many that are or could fall into poverty at any point in their life. The underclass is a term used to stigmatise people and was used in the 1980s early 1990s. Charles Murray worked on the concept of the underclass and characterised them by three things; illegitimacy, violent crime, and drop out from the labour market by young men (Murray 1990) Murray wrote in 1990 that Britain has a growing population of working-aged, healthy people who live in a different world from other Britons, who are raising their children to live in it, and whose values are now contaminating the life of entire neighbourhoods. (Murray, 1990, p.6) Murray spoke of those who chose not to work, and instead to rely on benefits as a means of survival, as opposed to joining the labour market. In Murrays view, this reliance on benefits was considered as a superior option, not as a last resort. A statement by Murray to describe the underclass using a very simple and stigmatising definition by underclass, I do not mean people who are merely poor, but people at the margins of society, unsocialised and often violent. (Murray 2001). The term Underclass is a way of stigmatising a group and that Margaret Thatcher denied there being absolute poverty as there was no official government definition. Deprivation irresponsible underclass. John Moore secretary state of social security relative poverty was simply another term for inequality he claimed that poverty had disappeared from Britain altogether. (John Moore 1989) Conservative government at the time used the term underclass to categorise and deny there was absolute poverty in Britain. This view of the underclass supports the idea that the poor are to blame for their poverty and inequality than those structural inequalities at the time. With this negative concept the conservatives were set to cut welfare if the underclass did not change their ways. This widened the poverty gap and the conservatives were thought to be irresponsible and didnt address the problem of poverty in society Rather than seeing inequality as potentially damaging to the social fabric, the Thatcher governments saw it as an engine of enterprise, providing incentives for those at the bottom as well as those at the top. (Walker 1997:5) This phenomenon of the underclass tries to address them as and actual class in society being at the other end of the scale such as the upper-class. However, to be compared with as a class it would suggest there are shared values that are unique to the underclass, there are no evidence of this and should not be a class. (Bagguley and Mann 1992). This underclass perspective draws attention away from the actual cause of poverty and tries to set the notion that this class is biological when there is no evidence. Field 1989 viewed the underclass from a structuralist view and supported the view that the underclass did not stem from the individual, but from the ideologies that maintained and shaped inequality. These structural causes were stated as; record post war unemployment, widening class difference, exclusion of rapid widening living standards and public attitudes falling in Thatcher Britain. Direct criticism of Murrays underclass is that it fails to be proven by scientific methods and relies on opinions. The underclass cannot be measured accurately as the group is sometimes made to look huge or small depending on the outcome needed. The underclass perspective can be misleading and not address the real problem that poverty is causing to Britain. (Walker 1990:49) However, many writers were critical of this view, including MacDonald, who asserts that both young people and adults wanted work. They would fail with flying colours the test Murray sets to prove the underclasss existence: offer them jobs at a generous wage for unskilled labour and see what happens. (MacDonald, 1997, p.195) Crompton has been even more dismissal in her criticism of Murrays view, in that much of Murrays caselay in his attempts to demonstrate the individual moral and cultural inferiority of the least well-off members of society. In some ways then, Murrays underclass thesis, can be seen to be elitist and dismissive of those at the bottom end of the social ladder. Byrne (Byrne, 2005, p.1) notes the pejorative nature of the term underclass and the much preferred and more commonly used in the UK term of social exclusion. The term social exclusion was coined in the 1970s following research by French Civil servant, Rene Lenoir, who published The Excluded, which said that as much as 10% of the French population were excluded from mainstream society due to factors like mental illness, poverty and disability (Beland 2007). This definition of a broad category of people who, for a variety of reasons, dont fit into the social mainstream was picked up by New Labour, which created a Social Exclusion Unit when it came to power in 1997. It was based on the idea that Social exclusion is about more than income poverty. It is what can happen when people or areas face a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, discrimination, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime, bad health and family breakdown (ODPM, 2004, p. 3). New labour used many terms throughout their time, stakeholder society, communitarianism, third way and social exclusion. (Hindmoor, 2005). They can be accused of only selecting terms that would win elections (Stoker, 2004). The Labour government blamed three main causes for social exclusion: the dislocation caused by the breakdown of industry in Britain in the 1980s, the Conservative indifference to the social consequences of these economic changes and the failure of the welfare system to effectively address the needs of those who were affected by the downfall of coal, steel and other heavy industries (Davies, 2007). Storrey and Childs have commented on the political agenda of the early 1990s, whereby arguments came to a head over Britains high proportion of single-parent families when a government minister claimed that an over-generous state benefit system was encouraging young, single mothers to marry the state and embark on a benefit career. (Storrey Childs, 2002, p.126. These arguments were soon rebutted by organisations such as the Association of Single Parents, but it highlighted the way that discussions on social exclusion and poverty can be seen from a purely political perspective. Of the three models of social discourse to be discussed later, the MUD discourse is seen as largely right wing, while the other two are more centrist or to the left. One recent government minister has emphasised the SID view, claiming that Work is the only way out of poverty the benefit system will never pay of itself (enough to lift people out of poverty) and I dont think it should (Alcock et al., 2008, p.335 ) Social exclusion is seen in the growth of homelessness or urban slums, the declining hopes of the long-term unemployed, the lack of access to jobs and incomes of migrants and some ethnic minorities, the increasingly precarious nature of jobs on offer to new labour market entrants. (Rodgers 1995:43) Ruth Levitas, in her 1998 book, The Inclusive Society: Social Exclusion and New Labour, suggested three models of discourse in terms of how we look at the issue of social exclusion, and how those models are applied in politics in particular to economic and social policy, as well as sociological discourse in general. (Levitas, 1998) RED. This is known as the Redistributionists Discourse. Pierson (2004) observes that those holding this view argue that only through the redistribution of wealth across society as a whole, through taxation, benefits and services, will poverty and inequality be eradicated in Britain. (Pierson, 2004, p.5). This model rejects the idea that attitudes towards work or moral issues are responsible for social exclusion. Some have noted that a vital component in the RED model of social exclusion discourse is the raising of benefits to an adequate standard as one means of eradicating poverty. (Gordon Townsend, 2000, p.359) This model is significantly different from the Moral/Underclass Discourse (MUD) SID. This is known as the Social Integrationist Discourse. This model focuses on the value of importance of work. Paid work is seen as a key factor, with entrance into the labour market as the result, providing income, a boost to the economy, and social inclusion by way of paid employment. Levitas argues that this view differs from RED discourse in that it tends to equate social exclusion with exclusion from the labour market. (Levitas 1998, Pierson, 2004, p.6) MUD. This is known as the Moral/Underclass Discourse. The fundamental argument of the MUD discourse is that individuals or groups, through choices of their own choose a method of social exclusion. Such a method may be a deliberate choice not to try to enter the labour market but instead to rely on benefits solely as a means of income. Gordon Townsend comment that MUD tends to replay recurrent themes about dangerous classesto focus on the consequences of social exclusion for social order, and to emphasise particular groups, such as unemployed and potentially criminal young men, and lone parents, especially young never-married mothers. (Gordon Townsend, 2004, p.360) We see therefore, three discourses with different answers to the question of whether the poor in the UK are to blame for their poverty and social exclusion. The RED discourse would point to the need to redistribute wealth to the poor in order to end their social exclusion. The SID discourse would like social exclusion and unemployment and would link employment to being the key to the end of poverty and social exclusion. The MUD approach would suggest for many poverty, or certainly social exclusion, are a choice that is made and then potentially taught to the next generation. We have examined Levitas three models or approaches to social discourse, and we have critically examined Murrays theory of the underclass in the context of the UK and of these three models. We have come to the conclusion that there are other factors to play in poverty and social exclusion than the choices of the poor in the UK or any blame that may be attached to them, and we have seen the elitist nature of Murrays thesis. Poverty about people social exclusion about structure of society The UK government defines poverty as having an income of 60 per cent or less of the median: using this measure, 13.2 million people in the UK lives in poverty that is 22 per cent of the population. (Oxfam)
Saturday, October 12, 2019
Negative Relationships in Hawthornes Rappaccinis Daughter :: Rappaccinis Daughter Essays
Negative Relationships in Hawthorne's Rappaccini's Daughter How far reaching is the bond between father and daughter? To most, that bond serves to protect the child until she is able to protect herself, and then for her to be independent. For Dr. Giacomo Rappaccini and his daughter Beatrice, that bond was to be twisted and ultimately fatal for Beatrice. Beatrice, by her father's plan was never to be free and independent but rather isolated from the life of the world and dependent on the poison from her father. Dr. Rappaccini is obsessed with science and what the manipulation of nature can do for people. He is overprotective of Beatrice and thinks that he can provide the solution to all of her problems. Knowing the evils of the world as a young man, Rappaccini decides to take control over Beatrice's life and make sure no one can ever hurt his beloved daughter. By filling Beatrice up with poison, Rappaccini succeeds in keeping Beatrice from any evil; but at what price? Beatrice is free from any evil touching her, but she is also isolated from any good that may come to her. What could Rappaccini's rationalization for controlling his daughter's life so completely be? It is probably due to a hard life lived by Rappaccini and the assumption that the world is evil and that there is no hope for goodness. But, what Rappaccini does not understand is that purity is chosen individually, not forced upon someone. "His insane zeal for science"(2251) has made Rappaccini obsessed with controlling his surroundings. From isolating his daughter through poison, to spying on her activities, to engineering his garden, to changing another human being with poison to be with Beatrice. But, that is not to imply that Dr. Rappaccini does not love his daughter with all his heart. In his own way he does love Beatrice beyond any measure. This is his justification for why it is all right that he be so controlling. He believes that with his love and knowledge he can provide all that his daughter needs. But, this is where Dr. Rappaccini is wrong. His love is not all that Beatrice needs, and therefore she is not happy in her evil-free existence.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Localism and Hoover’s views on goverment
Localism- the policy whereby problems could best be solved at local and state levels. Reconstruction finance corporation- urged by hoover to be passed; gave more than a billion dollars of government loans to railroads and large businesses trickle-down economics- theory held that money poured into the top of the economic pyramid will trickle down to the base Bonus Army.How did Hoover’s views on government influence his response to the depression? While not believing in charity by the government, Hoover did try an dhelp the economic mess that began during his administration. He gave much of his money to charity and encourage Americans to do the same. He broke with republicans and did away with the taxes that had been placed on citizens during the Coolidge administration. He thought that would allow for more income being spent to help the economy rebound. He spent $500 million a year on public works and government programs to build or improve government properties.The most famous was the Hoover (Boulder) Dam. Congress established the Reconstruction finance corporation (continued by FDR) which created an agency to help banks, railroads, and other key businesses to stay in business thus helping the economy. All of these things could not stem the tide of the economic collapse. Hoover believed in a balanced budget and not pumping government money into the economy. He believed in rugged individualism, and relied on the individual, the churches and private charities, and the state governments to handle most of the economic help that was needed.What facts show that Hoover’s policies to reverse the depression failed? Hoover left office with the economy at the depths of an unprecedented depression & with 25% of the labor force unemployed. To many out of work americans, the president became a symbol of failure. Some people balmed capitalism, while others questioned the responsiveness of democracy. Many believed the American system was due for an overhaul. Busi nesses often did not use the loans they recieved to hire more workers.4. How did MacArthur’s tactics in removing the Bonus Army affect Hoover’s political future?President Hoover ordered MacArthur to â€Å"surround the affected area and clear it without delay.†MacArthur brought up troops and tanks from Fort Myer, Fort Meade, Fort Washington and Fort Howard. After the bonus seekers refused to leave, Hoover eventually ordered the army to forcibly remove them. The marchers collected in a single area and Hoover ordered the siege stopped, but Mac Arthur continued the assault. Eventually 55 were injured, one woman miscarried and one man who was already sick died. Roosevelt milked the event for all its worth during the campaign of 1932 and suggested that he would have done better. (The Marchers were not actually owed any money, but hoped to pressure the government into giving them an advance on tehir pension.)
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Retrospective Essay Essay
Part of growing as a writer is looking back at what you’ve done and seeing how far you’ve come. In order to grow, you need to be able recognize where you started and where you are now. You need to be able to see what areas you’re strong at; as well as, the areas you need to continue to improve upon. Starting out this semester, I didn’t know where I stood or where I could go next as a writer. Until now. I feel like I have grown as a writer even in the short amount of time spent in W131. I have been able to graze the surface of a few of the course goals, but I am well aware there is still a massive amount of room to grow and learn. One of the course goals is to explore and analyze ideas in order to write with a strong sense of ownership. I think that there is a difference between writing a paper and slapping your name on it and constructing a piece you can be proud of and want to put your name on it, so everyone knows that this was your work. With my first paper, I feel as if just completed the assignment and slapped my name at the top. I didn’t dive into the topic and really think about how this topic pertains to me. With the second paper, I sat down and reviewed my double sided entries, reread some of my highlighted points in Alone Together, and tried to really think about how the topic, technology, effected me and what my views were on it. I explored different routes I could take my paper. Analyzed what it would read like if I said I agreed with Turkle verses if I said Turkle’s ideas were silly and shouldn’t be taken seriously. I had to decide what my stance was and own it. I had to own up to my ideas and opinions in order to write the assignment. I think that was an improvement from the start of the course. I was confident when I turned in the second major writing assignment. I felt accomplished as a writer for turning in a complete piece opposed to just accomplishing an assignment. A goal that I didn’t even know I needed improvement on, is writing a thesis and providing sufficient evidence to support it. Coming into the course, I thought I was proficient in this area. I thought my ideas were coming off as clear, concise, and colorful. After reading the reviews from my first paper, I realized my audience wanted more detail and description. My thesis is available and clear, but my audience was unsure of how I came to it. With my second paper, I tried to elaborate on different aspects to try to fulfill their requests. After my first peer review, I found out that I still had missed the mark. In class, I discussed my concerns with my peer reviewer to see what she thought I could further explain to make my paper stronger. She highlighted of few areas of concern and gave a few suggestions as to how I should go about fixing it. I think that I took her ideas into consideration and improved my paper. I think that although I did improve a little with this paper, that this is an area I struggle with and need to continue to work on. The area that I think I need the most work on is reflecting on my writing practices to improve them. While writing both papers for this course, I have had several different things going on simultaneously. Whether it was the T.V. on in the background, the dogs playing next to me, or even me just trying to eat some dinner, I could never fully devote my complete attention to just writing. This time around, I tried something different. I sat down with no interruptions and focused on my paper. I reread the outline, the course goals, and the fully attempted the planning guide. I tried to utilize the assistance given by the course and really tried to write on the topic truthfully. I had no distractions or what I had previously thought to just be helpful background noise. I think that although it might not drastically change my writing abilities right away, over time this will help me improve upon the entire course goals because I will be fully devoted to accomplishing each and every one of them. The final course goal that I feel I have really improved upon and will continue to improve upon is to shape, revise, and edit my writing in order to meet the purpose and needs of my audience. Starting out, I wasn’t very good at revising or changing my paper. I wasn’t open to others critiques and didn’t want to take them into consideration. But through different class activities like peer review, cutting drafts, and discussions on free writes, I became more comfortable with the idea of revising. Like I said previously, with my first paper I thought I had revised enough and added enough detail to satisfy my readers. When I found out I hadn’t accomplished that, I had to take that into consideration for the next assignment. After reading my peer review for the second assignment, I really tried to soak in what my peer was saying needed to be fixed. My peer said that, like my first paper, this paper also lacked details. I went home and reread and reread my pa per trying to pinpoint where I needed to add or subtract. In the end, I feel like I add more detail effectively and made other revisions to improve my paper that strengthened it. Growing is a vital part of life, as well as, a vital part of writing. The world around is ever changing and growing. As a writer I need to also be constantly changing and finding ways to improve myself and my abilities. Throughout the rest of the W131 course, I hope to continue to grow as a writer. I hope to continue to work on my weakness and transform them into one of my strengths, but also to continue of making my strengths even stronger.
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Analysis Essay
Joseph Stalin strategically came into power in communist Russia in the 1930’s. Within just a few years, he turned Russia from a communist state into a totalitarian dictatorship. Few people chose to speak out against Stalin, but those who did were put into Siberian work camps or gulags. Alexander Solzhenitsyn was one of the few that chose to speak out against Stalin and his totalitarian regime. He used his years in the work camps to illustrate a vivid portrayal of what camp life was like in his book, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. The novel is a criticism against Stalin’s communism, and is a commentary on why a communistic system will never work. Three of the biggest ways the novel critiques communism are: by attempting to dehumanize Russian society, displaying forms of unjust punishment, and arguing the importance of faith. Solzhenitsyn propagates the radical idea that communism doesn’t work. Communism is the idea that everyone in society receives equal shares of the benefits resulting from labor. It teaches the poor to rise up and attain financial and social status equal to that of the middle-class. In order for everyone to be on the same level, wealth is redistributed so the members of the upper class are brought down to the same financial and social level as the middle class (Coffin 660-665). In theory, communism is presented as to be a utopia where everyone has adequate food and shelter but in the novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, it is clear communism in practice is very different from communism in ideology. The communism Solzhenitsyn presents in this novel actually tries to take away any form of human dignity. The story takes place in a Russian prison camp after World War II. The protagonist is a man named Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, but referred to as Shukhov for most of the novel . The author refers to Ivan as Shukhov to emphasize the how the camp sets him at a cold, official distance. â€Å"Ivan†is Shukhov’s first name and Denisovich is his patronymic, a name that is derived from one’s father’s name. In Russian society, addressing someone by his or her first name and patronymic is cordial but respectful. The early Soviet Communist regime tried to eradicate this form of address because the respect it entails suggested class differences among people, something communism seeks to destroy. On the other hand, addressing someone by his or her last name has an official meaning. The Soviet manner of addressing people as â€Å"Comrade†followed by their last name was an attempt to replace the old way of addressing someone with a new one better adapted to a class-free nation. â€Å"Even in the camp they were polite to people and addressed them by their full name†(Solzhenitsyn 26). The prison camp workers always addressed each other with the same degree of respect in order to preserve each other’s dignity. The labor camp in which Ivan is imprisoned is designed to oppress and dehumanize its prisoners. The living conditions are simply unbearable. The mattresses do not have sheets, prisoners share tiny portions of bread and porridge per meal, and the guards force the prisoners to undress in sub zero temperatures for body searches. The camp replaces the prisoner’s names with letter and number to erase all hints of individuality, â€Å"S 854†¦three days penalty work,†says the new warden to, Ivan as punishment for not getting up on time (Solzhenitsyn 7-8). The camp gives everyone numbers and makes them all dress identically take away their identities, â€Å"from the outside, everyone in the squad looked the same- their black coats were identical-but within the squad there were great distinctions†(Solzhenitsyn 15). However, Denisovich does not accept the camps attempts to dehumanize him. He shows maintaining human dignity does not have to be achieved through violent rebellion but rather, through developing a system of personal rules. For example, at meal time, no matter the conditions, he always removes his cap before eating, â€Å"then he removed his hat from his clean-shaven head- however cold it might be, he could never bring himself to eat with his hat on†(Solzhenitsyn 16). From his childhood, this practice gives Ivan a sense that he is behaving in a civilized manner. No matter how famished he becomes, he never stoops to Fetyukov’s level, begging for scraps. He scorns Fetyukov’s behavior, which he believes is inhuman. Ivan may be treated like an animal by the Soviet camp system, but he subtly fights back and refuses to submit. In one instance, Shukhov is tempted to ask a fellow prisoner for a cigarette which the other man has already half smoked but, â€Å"but he would never lower himself†¦ he would never look at a man’s mouth†(Solzhenitsyn 27). Ivan never allows the labor camp to get the best of him but gets punished for things one in his control on top of being imprisoned. Another criticism of communism throughout the novel is the description of unjust punishment upon the prisoners. In the beginning of the novel, Shukhov does not get up on time because he is sick and is then threatened with three days in the hole. Similarly, Buynovsky receives ten days in the hole for trying to bundle up against the cold with a flannel vest. Neither Shukhov’s illness nor Buynovsky’s attempt to stay warm harm anyone, but the camp treats both as strict violations of the law, worthy of severe punishment. Such harsh punishment for such petty offenses is absurd. These men are already locked into arduous prison sentences, heaping on unfair and illogical punishment upon them is just a brutal exercise of power by the guards. Through this unjust treatment one thing that help the prisoners survive was having faith in something whether it is a strict moral code or faith in god. One of the main goals of communism was to eradicate religion from society. According to the founders of communism religion hinders societal progress; it was Marx who said â€Å"religion is the opium of people.†Solzhenitsyn implies it is much easier to get through hardships with faith in something rather than without. During a march, Shukhov thinks of Alyosha, the devout Baptist, he wonders, â€Å"What had he to be happy about? His cheeks were sunken, he lived strictly on his rations, and he earned nothing. He spent all his Sundays with the other Baptists. They shed the hardships of camp like water†(Solzhenitsyn 38). Shukhov is making the point when you believe in something, like religion, it is much easier to keep a positive attitude and survive a terrible situation. Although Ivan does not mention religion for most of the novel, his final conversation with Alyoshka, reveals faith can be a means of survival in the oppressive camp system. Ivan adheres to a strict set of rules, like always taking off his hat before eating or trying to waste as little as possible. Alyoshka, has faith in god and the human spirit â€Å"for my part I am not ready merely to be bound but even to die for the name of the Lord Jesus†(Solzhenitsyn 163), this comment really affects Shukhov to a point where he begins to reflect on his own philosophy. Shukhov’s s sense of inner peace in the novel’s last paragraph, which resembles Alyoshka’s sense of inner peace throughout the novel, demonstrates that religious faith offers strength in the face of difficulty. Having any type of faith can carry someone through hardship, religious faith is simply one type of such a faith. Though the labor camps were filled with suffering and misery, the men continued to exhibit acts of humanity in their day to day lives. The only way these men could have survived this inhuman treatment was by subtly fighting the system in their own personal way. Solzhenitsyn uses three simple yet powerful ideas: the dehumanization of the human society, displays of unjust punishment, and the importance of having faith in no matter how awful the situation is, to speak out against Stalin and the terrible consequences of Russian communism. Works Cited Coffin, Judith G., and Robert C. Stacey. Western Civilizations: Their History & Culture. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2008. Print. Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. New York: Dutton, 1963. Print.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Managing cultural diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Managing cultural diversity - Essay Example nomic growth for any organisation and this in turn results to an organisation achieving its set targets and objectives (Leaderbrighton-hove.org, 2003). The result of socio-economic growth would be inadequate in terms of classifying people by their background, qualification and physical condition. This is not a right or a wrong subject, however, serious consideration is essential for internal strength and positive acceptance from all the parties concerned. Further detailed explanation will be shown using a case study of Park Plaza hotel. Diversity in the workplace is a people issue whereby the various differences that they have as well as similarities are taken into account. In this paper cultural diversity shall be looked into in relation to a service industry and in this case, the hotel industry. Cultural diversity in an organisation that wishes to emerge the top in its operations is taken to be multi-culturalism which is that aims at embracing and valuing the different cultures. Diversity has become a business necessity and not a legal or moral issue as the case was decades back. In this respect it has become a necessity that organisations take advantage of the diverse cultural backgrounds of its workforce in competing in the today’s rather global business arena. The hospitality industry has not been left behind in this aspect of managing cultural diversity in the workplace. (Devine 2006; Baum 2006) However, at the work place, women, older and less educated people are the ones that are most discriminated. The same case applies to those coming from developing countries by those from the first world. The disabled is the other group that is discriminated to the extent of their disabilities; an act that is not only wrong but inhumane (Deluca 1992). Therefore, organisations’ managements need to put these issues into consideration and come up with policies that are aimed at minimising these forms of discrimination at the very least so as to cater for the needs of
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Collective and Distributive Power of the United States Assignment
Collective and Distributive Power of the United States - Assignment Example America enjoys a power in the international system that is indispensable as the state wishes to take their leadership responsibilities as well as share the burdens of others. Thus the country of America enjoys both collective as well as distributive powers. (Simone, 2000, p 39) The United States of America play an important leadership role in the policies regarding the international trade. Thus the paper aims at evaluating the role of the country in international trade. Trade relations existed among economies from the period of Mercantilism in the world economy. The large economies of the world have always been dominating the small economies in their economic interaction in terms of trade. One main instance that reflects the dominance of the United States in the dealings of international Trade was the signing of the conditional MFN clause in the year 1778 between the United States and France. The equality of the privileges enjoyed in the market was to be ensured by the treaty. However, the clause held by the US was the main factor responsible for destroying the equality in the market. (Trebilcock & Howse, 2005, p 50) In the period following the Second World War and the establishment of universal balance in the economies of the country, that is, after such a huge disturbance, there had been a significant increase in international trades. In order to conduct the liberalization of the world economies in a systematic way, a certain agreement was planned to be signed between the nations participating in international trade. This gave rise to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades, which was followed by the establishment of a general governing body for monitoring the international trade, namely the World Trade Organization. The main aim motive behind the formation of GATT was to avoid the difficulties of the policies of imports and exports of individual countries prevalent before the Second World War. An overall policy for all member countries participating in international trade was the main aim.Â
Monday, October 7, 2019
Utilitarianism and morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Utilitarianism and morality - Essay Example This theoretical standpoint was reiterated by Jeremy Bentham who made the proposition that an action is right in proportion as it tends to promote pleasure or happiness, and (an action is also) wrong as it tends to produce the reverse of the happiness. Taking a Position on whether Utilitarianism Is Correct to Condone These Actions, Given the Circumstances It is not agreeable that utilitarianism is right to condone these actions, depending on circumstances. One of the reasons why one may disagree with utilitarian’s act of condoning some actions is because, fundamentally, utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism. This is seen in the utilitarians’ postulation which states that pleasure and freedom from pain are the only things that are desirable as ends. In this light, an action is regarded as morally wrong or right, depending entirely on its consequences. In this light, an action is considered morally right if it produces the best outcome of choices that have been ava iled. The flipside of this is that if an action does not produce the best outcome, then it is not right. According to Sedaris, the import of the foregoing is that actions are regarded as morally right if the greatest number benefit from it, yet there are instances where morally right standards or values may not be popular among the masses but among a few. An apt example which repudiates utilitarians’ consequentialist approach is democracy.... This is because the ethics and morality have fundamentals that surpass the concept of gain. An action is right not because it benefits the greatest number but because it is, in its essence, legitimate. It is not, for instance, ethically or morally right for an organization to whimsically decide to punctiliously trim employees’ emoluments on the mere account that such a move will increase the organization’s profit margin and shareholders’ dividend. Even if the employees being shortchanged may be few and too weak to defend themselves or resist the move and the organization have accrued increased profits, the move remains intrinsically immoral since it amounts to the betrayal of an already operational agreement or contract between the employee and the employer. Similarly, the move remains immoral simply because it amounts to the exploitation of the weak and not because it merely does not benefit the greatest number. Again, utilitarians’ act of condoning an ac tion based on the fact that it benefits the greatest number is unacceptable,simply because it reduces human beings and the concept of morality to a matter of statistics. As long as the beneficiaries outweigh the number of the shortchanged, then that action is regarded as legitimate, and the shortchanged minority is bypassed as collateral damage. Again, by saying that an act is ethically legitimate depending on its ability to benefit the greatest number of people is to reduce moral duties to a matter of popularity. This means that (the observation of) moral duty such as telling the truth and doing honest business is no longer an absolute or really necessary. Even though Emanuel Kant advances that people
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